Sample of Management Study

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Excerpt from the proposed telephone industry business.

Management study includes the planning, organizing, staffing and directing of the project.  Also it includes the external activities in starting the business.  The means and procedure are undertaken before the operation of the business.  The form of management is indicated identifying each of management and each personnel.  The role and duties of each personnel is clearly defined, as well as practice and develop skills learned from this project

Management Analysis

Our business covers a system of services that can be determined in large scales.  A corporation owns the ETHECOM.  This kind of business has a very large management.  The management and operation of the business are determined and constructed by the joint-forces and capabilities of the corporate members and staffs.

Organization Chart

ETHELCOM provides its organizational line chart, compose of personnel deployed within the business.


Registration of business

The registration of business is an act that is provided by the constitution.  It is very important and must be implemented in order for the business to be legal and to perform well and freely.

The following are the steps for registering a business in the Philippines.

  1. Prepare the article of partnership/corporation.
  2. Registration of the business name with the Bureau of Domestic Trade and Industry.
  3. Apply the registration of the partnership with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
  4. Get the necessary permit from the office of the mayor and license to operate from the treasure of the city of municipality where the business will be located.
  5. Secure a tax identification from the Bureau of Internal Revenue and a file VAT or Not-VAT permit.

Hiring Personnel

The following are the qualification for the interested job seekers.

Electronics and Communication Engineer
–    Preferably Male, 22-30 yrs. old
–    Licensed
–    At least 5 years of experience

Technician
–    Preferably Male, 22-30 yrs. Old
–    BSECE or Electronics/ Electrical graduate
–    At least 3 years of experience in the related field

Sales
–    Male or Female, 21-30 yrs. old
–    High School Graduate
–    With pleasing personality

Job Description and Responsibilities

President
–    Responsible in making final decision for every undertaking the business may encounter.
–    Administer over all activities and for sees projects, forecast, and solve problems.

Manager (Stockholders)
–    To assist the President and his duties and responsibilities.
–    Must be responsible in assigning different task of each personnel.
–    Responsible for preparing financial statement of the business.

Purchasing Personnel
–    Responsible for good quality of purchased products
–    Responsible for purchasing low cost of product
–    Responsible for scheduling of purchased product

Technicians
–    Responsible for repairing, servicing and installation

Sales Personnel
–    Responsible for the sales of product, operational reliability of services and provides customer care.

Some Questionnaire Guide in Feasibility Study Preparations

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  1. What is the name of the firm?
  2. Where is the location of head office and plant site?
  3. Give a brief description of the project.
  4. What are the assumptions being made including market projections, share and prices, investment costs, and method of financing?
  5. Mention the summary of findings and conclusions regarding the market feasibility, technical feasibility and financial feasibility.
  6. How shall the project be managed during the pre-operating period such as the firms or persons involved or to be involved in studying the different aspects of the project?
  7. How shall the project be managed during the operating period including the type of business organization, organizational chart and function of each unit management personnel, duties and time to be devoted to the project, qualification and compensation?
  8. What skills and corresponding numbers of labor are required such as qualifications, recruitment and training program, compensation, fringe benefits and facilities?
  9. Include the time table of the project.
  10. Indicate the annual volume of the domestic demand for the past 10 year?
  11. Who are the major consumers of the product?
  12. What is the projected annual volume of the domestic demand for the next 5 years? Also indicate the method used and factors considered in preparing the projection.
  13. Who are the current and potential buyers of the product and where are they located?
  14. What is the annual volume of the domestic supply for the past 10 years?
  15. Who are the major producers of the product?
  16. What are the prevailing prices of the product?
  17. What are the present marketing strategies and practices of competitors?
  18. What shall be adopted in the project as to the selling organization, terms of sales, channels of distribution, location of the sales outlets, transportation and storing facilities?

Financial Study

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It is important if the proposed project is financially feasible, meaning the project cost is afford by the board or the company.  Also, it involves the thorough coverage of all the monetary information.  It covers the detailed information on the total project cost, initial capital requirements, sources of financing, financial statements and financial analysis.

The profitability level of the project is also defined such as the net income after taxes to the total investment. The identification of sources of financing is an essential element of feasibility study including the currency, security, repayment period, interest, and other features.

In addition, the financial health of the business is also assessed in the financial statements as well as the analysis showing the income, cash flow and balance sheets.  Other information such as break-even outputs, sales and prices, amount of sales required to earn a certain amount of profit and the cash payback period are also provided.

Management Study

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Management study involves the appropriate business organization such as the people who will be in-charge both before and after the operating periods of the enterprise as well as the function.

Factors to be determined in management study:

  • pointing out the firms or personnel who will be involved in the operation of the project or enterprise
  • type of business organization
  • organizational chart
  • functions of each unit management personnel
  • skills and numbers of labor required as well the duties and time to be devoted in the project
  • qualifications, compensations, and fringe benefits of the personnel involved
  • facilities to be used
  • recruitment and training programs of the personnel
  • status and timetable of the project

Technical Study and Feasibility Study

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One of the major components of a project feasibility study is technical study.  In case of product proposal, a technical study identifies whether the product could be produced at the highest possible quality level with minimum cost.

Factors to be considered in technical study

  1. Composition of the product such as physical, mechanical and chemical properties should be described.
  2. Manufacturing process include detail flow charts which indicate the material and energy requirement at each step and normal duration of the process.
  3. Plant size and production schedule includes the production capacity of the plant and number of days the project shall operate per year and expected attainable yearly production.
  4. Machinery.  The number specification, rated capacities, prices of equipment and auxiliary equipment should be considered.  Also, the availability of spare parts and repair services such as quotation from supplier, machinery guarantees, delivery, and terms of payment are other factors to be studied.
  5. Plant location, layout and structure.  The location must be desirable in terms of distance to source of raw materials and markets.
  6. Raw materials.  The availability, combination, current and prospective sources and costs of raw materials should be determined.
  7. Utilities and waste disposal.  Here, it includes the specific utilities such as electricity, fuel, water, supplies and their respective uses, and quantity required.

Market Study

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In preparing a proposal or feasibility study, it is important to conduct a market study to determine if the proposed project or idea is feasible in terms of market.

Market study recognizes whether there is adequate demand for the product and that the project shall enjoy competitive marketing position.

An investor is interested to invest in a business project with a minimal risk and a higher rate of return on investment.  However, the major consideration is where there is an ample demand for the product being produced or proposed to produce.

Steps in Market Study

  • Identify if there is an ample demand for the product being produced or proposed to produce. It means if there is a substantial excess demand, the new firm could enter into the industry.
  • If there is a sufficient demand for the product, investigate the competitive position of the firm in the industry.  The information on the prevailing prices of the product are gathered and scrutinized.
  • The prices to be adopted for the project and the quality of the product relative to the product of the current and potential producers are also carefully studied.
  • The present marketing practices of the competitors, selling organization, terms of sales, channels of distribution, location of sales outlets, transportation and storing facilities and other information relative thereto are also taken into account.

Steps in Preparing Feasibility Study

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Various approaches have been used in preparing a feasibility study according to individual preferences. Some give more emphasis on ocular observation without quantitative and qualitative verifications of the market and other factors considered in starting or expanding a business enterprise.  But some are very careful in their investment by verifying all aspects of the project study in a scientific survey.

Suggested steps to prepare a feasibility study

  1. Identify and recognize the people or firms that will be involved in preparing the various aspects of the study.
  2. Examine the market feasibility both in terms of ocular observations and the actual scientific survey. Determine if there is ample excess demand and a competitive market position of the project. If not feasible, abandon the idea immediately and think of another business project.
  3. Find out if the project or idea is technically feasible. Determine if the resources to be used are available on a long term basis and at a reasonable cost. If not feasible, abandon the project or idea.
  4. Proceed with the management study. Management study involves in determining if the organizational set up carry out its function effectively and that qualified persons under the circumstances are available.
  5. If management is feasible, determine if it is financially feasible. Financial feasibility means that the budget or financing shall be available at a reasonable cost and there is a financial support and is deemed profitable.
  6. If government project, assess the social desirability of the project and it will have an economic benefits to the people living in the community and its vicinities.
  7. Lastly, prepare the summary of the feasibility study including the brief description of the project and the major assumptions made such as market projections, share and prices, investment costs, method of financing. Also, prepare the summary of findings and conclusions regarding market feasibility, technical feasibility and financial feasibility.

Sample Executive Summary

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Executive summary provides enough information for the reader to be acquainted with the full document without reading it. It usually contains background information, statement of the problem and a recommendation.

Title Proposal: Computerized Library System

For the past 10 years, Western University has been using a manual processing of library system. Due to increase students of the university, librarian has the hard time to provide accurate information for the students and instructors. The Librarian is not able to organize and maintain the library transaction such as recording of library holdings, acquisitions and purchases, and reader registrations.

With the said problem, the groups decided to propose a computerize library system that will lessen and eliminate the problem and work load of the librarian. The computerize system starts from storing the information of each books, students, and instructors into database file. It will automate the library transaction such as displaying book’s information and student’s information. Menu screens will allow the users to select options to update books and students information. Reports will be periodically produced and a variety of inquiry screens made available.

Computers had been a very powerful tool for progress, a reason that made every sectors of the society adapts the principle of computerization. As time goes by, the population of the student will continue to increase. The librarian will not be able to update the book files as well as student files. This will result in an increased of redundant and inaccurate information.

The group recommends computerizing the library system to eliminate the data redundancy errors and inconsistency of data. It is also recommended that at least two persons should be trained for the system.

Writing a Feasibility Study

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Feasibility study is a document written to show the justification of a proposed policy, product, service or other charges in an organization.

A project study has several chapters or division embracing several aspects related to proposed project.  A study presented must be financially, economically, technically and socially feasible or viable.

Rules in Preparing Study

  1. The writer must know the nature of the proposed project very well.  Get technical expertise if necessary from qualified expert.
  2. The study must be loaded with statistics, data, documents and all information to support the study.
  3. Organize the project study properly.
  4. The estimation and projections shows must be close to realities.

Characteristics of Feasibility Study

  1. It helps the managers and other decision makers vote for or against an idea or select many other alternatives.
  2. It is often preceded by a proposal.
  3. It helps the reader to make a decision.
  4. It saves time, capital and effort

Sample Proposal Introduction

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Proposal Title: Proposed Mechanical Flash Dryer

Introduction

Purpose

This report proposed to have a Mechanical Flash Dryer for Farmers of Cagayan.

Problem

Farming is the major source of funds of the people of Cagayan. Every year, they have 2 cropping but only 50% can saved their products during rainy season, because of the weather condition now a days and 50% of their product wetness and then after a days it will be wasted. Most of the farmers exercise to hire many people to dry their products so that incase of rain come it easily to keep it. They pay as 150 pesos a day for every person. This really affect the financial life of farmers, that’s why we proposed to have a Mechanical Flash Dryer for farmer to lighten their burdens.

General Objective

To help rice farmers to maximize their profits by drying their product before storing, waiting for a better price.

Specific Objectives

  • To minimize loss and damage of grains produce due to moulds.
  • To provide higher percentage on milling recovery